Registration No: 157/1966 Affiliated & Recognized by: ● Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports ● SAI (Sports Authority of India) ● IBPF (International Bicycle Polo Federation) ● ACPF (Asian Cycle Polo Federation)

History

Cycle Polo / Bike Polo / Bicycle Polo

(Invented in Ireland and dominated by India)

Early History

The game of bicycle polo was conceived in 1891 and is a direct descendant of the very ancient game of horse polo which dates to 600 BC, It was one of the world’s fastest growing urban sports. In 1891, having retired from racing – ‘ordinary’ and tricycle – the Irish cycling enthusiast Richard J McCready set about inventing a game that would provide ‘strenuous amusement’ and a welcome diversion from editing his beloved Irish Cyclist.

His invention? ‘Polo on Wheels’. Following the inaugural game at the Scalp in Co. Wicklow, Cycling magazine observed the following: “the game of cycle polo promises to be immensely popular…and not at all so dangerous as would appear from the title.”

Quick to show his hand was the mysterious Cosmo- Cyclo who wrote an enthusiastic letter published in Cycling stating that since the introduction of pneumatic tyres “cycle polo is not only possible but exciting and enjoyable too!” The first recorded cycle polo match took place in October of that year at the Scalp in County Wicklow, where Rathclaren Rovers faced off against the Ohne Hast Cycling Club.

In 1899, an exhibition match featuring Hanegan & Hazelton against Brady & Murphy, members of “The Original Champion American Bicycle Polo Team” riding Cleveland cycles, was held at the Empire Theatre in London. This event is claimed to be the first cycle polo exhibition on any stage.
Prince Phillip, William and Harry have all known to ditch the horse in favour of the bike polo. This is the compelling and eventful story of the history of bike polo.
The first international cycle polo match occurred in 1901 between Ireland and England. In 1908, cycle polo was included as a demonstration sport at the London Olympics, and Ireland emerged as the winner, defeating Germany.

1929 - A new era begins

Cyril S Scott ‘Scottie’ is the ‘father’ of the modern-day game of bike polo. What RJ started, Scottie took and, well, cycled with. In 1929, following a successful career on road and track, Scottie, a member of the Highbury C.C., was looking for a focus, an outlet for his energy. For a man who had never heard of bike polo, how he came to the game makes for an interesting story… Scottie was a good all-round sportsman – a one-time hockey player he had also played water polo and was familiar with the equine version. In the winter of 1929-30 he often rode with the Corrance C.C. who would take a football on rides for an informal ‘kick-about’. And whilst Scottie joined in, as a cycling man through and through he felt it was somewhat contrary to the ideals of a true cycling clubman. One day, Scottie and his colleague George Bell began trying to move the ball about with ad hoc sticks and branches. As other intrigued cyclists joined in, and temporary goal posts were sited, and teams chosen bike polo was re-born. Cycle polo’s popularity reached its zenith in Great Britain during the 1930s, thanks to the introduction of regional leagues. France also witnessed the growth of the sport during this period, establishing its own league and regularly holding international matches against Great Britain.

However, the sport could not take off with the speed it should have although many countries were playing the sport but there was no International Umbrella. UK, USA, France, Germany, Canada, Pakistan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Argentina, Ireland, Scotland, Nepal, Indonesia, Australia have been playing the sport but there have been no official World Championships in absence of an International Body.
The onset of World War II marked the decline of cycle polo in Britain, while the sport persisted in France, with regular league championships continuing.
During the 1980s, two emerging powers in cycle polo, India and the United States, began to make their mark. The 1990s marked the resurgence of international cycle polo matches, with the first world championship organized in 1996 in the USA. The Bicycle Polo Association of America was established in 1994.
Today, cycle polo is played in numerous countries worldwide, including Brazil, Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, India, Ireland, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, and the USA.
In 2001, cycle polo received official recognition from the Union Cycliste Internationale, the international governing body for cycling sports, further solidifying its status as a global sport.

Cycle Polo in India

Cycle polo in India has a fascinating history, rooted in the early 1900s. It gained popularity among the princely states and aristocrats, including the Maharajas of Jaipur, Jodhpur, Alwar, Nawab of Bhopal and Patiala, who played it during the off-season to stay fit. After World War II, when horses were reduced from army activities, the game of cycle polo gained attraction among Indian and British regiments.
The Cycle Polo Federation of India (CPFI) was founded in 1966, making the sport accessible to common men. Today, it is played in 25 out of 28 states and four union territories in India, with CPFI recognized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports and the Sports Authority of India.
Cycle polo is a team sport that replaces horses with bicycles, maintaining the basic rules of traditional polo. It is played on a rectangular grass field, with variations in field size. Though it has specific 150 X 100 Mtr ground size but it can be played on any available ground. The game involves a ball approximately 24 Cm in diameter, weighing 85 to 90 gram and a mallet with a maximum length of 32, 34 and 36 inches. The goals are four meters wide and consist of two goal posts without any crossbar. Matches last for 30 minutes, divided into periods called chukkars, each lasting 7.5 minutes. Extra time is used to determine the winner if the scores are tied after regular time.
One of the reasons for cycle polo’s popularity in India is the widespread use of bicycles as a mode of transportation among the common people. In 1994, India invited the USA to play friendly matches, which led to discussions about promoting the sport internationally and hosting World Championships under the banner of the International Bicycle Polo Federation.
The International Bicycle Polo Federation was officially established in 1995, and the first World Cycle Polo Championship was held in the USA in 1996. Since then, the sport has grown globally, with teams from various countries participating in World Championships. India has proudly contributed to the medal tally, securing 6 gold and 2 bronze medals in its international appearances. Last World cup was played in Argentina and india secured Gold medal in tournament. The details are placed at Appx- A.
Cycle polo is not just a sport; it also serves as an efficient training ground for developing skills like hand-eye coordination and is enjoyed by enthusiasts worldwide. It’s a testament to how a sport with humble beginnings can evolve and thrive on both a national and international level.

Conclusion

In conclusion, cycle polo is indeed a challenging, fast-paced, and skill-intensive game with a rich history in India. It was even considered for inclusion as a medal tally event in the National Games held in Kerala, highlighting its potential as a recognized sport. However, due to some technical issues, it was ultimately omitted from the games.
One of the unique aspects of cycle polo is its minimal requirement for sports gear, making it accessible to a wide range of individuals. This characteristic lends itself to being seen as a “common man’s game,” as it doesn’t demand expensive equipment or specialized facilities.
Despite its challenges and the hurdles it faced in becoming a medal tally event at the National Games, the Cycle Polo Federation of India (CPFI) continues to promote the sport. Regularly conducting events such as the National Championship and Federation Cup helps keep the sport alive and provides opportunities for enthusiasts to showcase their skills and passion for cycle polo.
Overall, cycle polo’s history and the efforts of organizations like CPFI demonstrate its enduring appeal and the dedication of those involved in preserving and promoting this unique and exciting sport in India.

Appendix ‘A’

Record of International Bicycle Polo Championships

Year Host City & Country Gold 🥇 Silver 🥈 Bronze 🥉
1996 Richland, 🇺🇸 USA 🇮🇳 India (national team) 🇺🇸 USA (A.B.P.A. Richland 1) 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.)
1999 Vancouver, 🇨🇦 Canada 🇮🇳 India (national team) 🇺🇸 USA (A.B.P.A Richland) 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A. 1)
2000 New Delhi, 🇮🇳 India 🇮🇳 India (national team) 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.) 🇺🇸 USA (A.B.P.A Richland 1)
2001 London, 🇬🇧 UK 🇮🇳 India (national team) 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.) 🇫🇷 France (national team)
2002 Paris, 🇫🇷 France 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.) 🇫🇷 France (national team A) 🇮🇳 India (national team A)
2003 Vero Beach, 🇺🇸 USA 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.) 🇺🇸 USA (A.B.P.A Richland) 🇫🇷 France (national team)
2004 Vancouver, 🇨🇦 Canada 🇺🇸 USA (A.B.P.A Richland) 🇫🇷 France (national team) 🇮🇳 India (national team)
2005 Aiken, 🇺🇸 USA 🇫🇷 France (national team) 🇺🇸 USA (Aiken "green" B.P.) 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.)
2006 Kennewick, 🇺🇸 USA 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.) 🇺🇸 USA (Unionville B.P.) 🇫🇷 France (national team)
2015 Aiken, 🇺🇸 USA 🇺🇸 USA (Aiken B.P.) 🇫🇷 France 🇨🇦 Canada (Jericho C.P.A.)
2016 Jaipur, 🇮🇳 India 🇮🇳 India (national team) 🇬🇧 UK (England) 🇲🇾 Malaysia
2019 Buenos Aires, 🇦🇷 Argentina 🇮🇳 India (national team) 🇺🇸 USA 🇬🇧 UK (England)

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